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Visit the most historical places of
Egypt and see an exhibition of photographs showing the
different historical places.
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The
Great Pyramids
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the Great Pyramid was built is a question that may never
be answered. Herodotus said that it would have taken
30 years and 100,000 slaves to have built it. Another
theory is that it was built by peasants who were unable
to work the land while the Nile flooded between July
and November. They may have been paid with food for
their labor. The flooded waters would have also aided
in the moving of the casing stones. These stones were
brought from Aswan
and Tura and the water would have brought the stones
right to the pyramid. This pyramid is thought to have
been built between 2589 - 2566 BC. It would have taken
over 2,300,000 blocks of stone with an average weight
of 2.5 tons each. The total weight would have been 6,000,000
tons and a height of 482 feet (140m). It is the largest
and the oldest of the Pyramids
of Giza |
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Chephren
is the son and successor of Khufu and Hensuten. Khufu's
other son and also successor, Ra'djedef, started constructing
his own pyramid at Abu Rawash, which is north of Giza.
Chephren's pyramid is designed more modestly than
Khufu's. The Chephren pyramid originally was 10 feet
(3m) shorter and 48 feet (14.6m) more narrow at the
base. The estimated weight of all the stones in the
pyramid is 4,880,000 tons. Because it is built higher
on the plateau, it looks taller from most angles than
Khufu's pyramid. The slope of the angles is higher,
53 degrees compared to Khufu's 51 degrees.
The
Pyramid of Menkaure' (Mycerinus) is the smallest of
the three Pyramids
of Giza and shows the beginning of the decline in
workmanship in the Egyptian pyramid building. The
attention to detail is not as it is on the earlier
pyramid.
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Location
: Cairo, Egypt
Description
: The Egyptian
museum was first built in Boulak. In 1891, it
was moved to Giza Palace of "Ismail Pasha"
which housed the antiquities that were later moved
to the present building. The
Egyptian museum
is situated at Tahrir square in Cairo.
It was built during the reign of Khedive Abbass Helmi
II in 1897, and opened on November 15, 1902.
It has 107 halls. At the ground floor there are the
huge statues. The upper floor houses small statues,
jewels, Tutankhamon treasures and the mummies.
The
Museum also comprises a photography section and a
large library. The
Egyptian museum
comprises many sections arranged in chronological
order
- The
first section houses Tutankhamon’s treasures.
- The
second section houses the pre-dynasty and the Old
Kingdom monuments.
- The
third section houses the first intermediate period
and the Middle Kingdom monuments.
- The
forth section houses the monuments of the Modern
Kingdom.
- The
fifth section houses the monuments of the late period
and the Greek and Roman periods.
- The
sixth section houses coins and papyrus.
- The
seventh section houses sarcophagi and scrabs.
A
hall for the royal mummies was opened at the museum,
housing eleven kings and queens.
More
than a million and half tourists visit the museum
annually, in addition to half a million Egyptians
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One
of Cairo's most popular
tourist attractions is The
Citadel,
located on a spur of limestone that had been detached
from its parent Moqattam Hills by quarrying. The
Citadel began
it's life not as a great military base of operations,
but as the "Dome of the Wind", a pavilion
created in 810 by Hatim Ibn Hartama, who was then
governor. These early governors, not realizing it
strategic importance, simply used the pavilion for
its view of Cairo.
In 1176, Salah ad-Din fortified the area to protect
it against attacks by the Crusaders, and since then,
it has never been without a military garrison.
In
1218 Sultan al-Kamil, Salah ad-Din's nephew moved
his residence to The
Citadel,
and until the consturction of the Abdin Palace in
the mid-19th century, it was the seat of government
for the Country of Egypt.
Most
of the fortification's enterior were built after Salah
ad-Din's rule, being added to by almost every invader
including the British, some of whom destroyed much
of what existed before them. Al Nasir Muhammad leveled
most of Salah al-Din's buildings and later Muhamad
Ali did the same to the Mamluk structures.
The
Citadel actually
consists of three main sections, surrounded by their
own walls with towers and gates. These consist of
the Lower Enclosure (El-Azab), the Northern Enclosure
(El-Ankishariya) and the Southern Enclosure which
is The Citadel
proper (El-Qal'a). The two main gates are on the north
(Bab el-Gadid) and south (Bab el-Gabal). Particularly
when viewed from the back side (from the north), The
Citadel reveals
a very medieval character
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